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The biometrial measurement and athletic record examination were performed to 7,666 Korean boys :and girls (consisting of 3,918 boys and 3,748 girls, ranging from 13 to 15 years of age) with the intention of studying the probable correlation between the length of the lower and upper extremities ,and athletic abilities, The athletic record examination in this study includes Running, Standing-Broad-jump, Ball-Throwing and Am-Flexing (Chin-Up in boys, Dangling with flexed arm in girls). The results obtained are as follows: 1. Running ability of 100 meter course showed negative correlation with the length of the lower extremitie sin both sexes. This result indicates that the longer legs they have, the faster they run. The correlation coefficient reveals high negative value in the case of boys(-0.400 in 13, -0.469 in 14 and -0.406 in 15 years of age), but low negative value(-0.133 in 13, -0.190 in 14 and -0.040 in 15 years of age) in the case of girls. In boys, the negative correlation coefficient decreases greatly in 15 years of age(-0.469 in 14, -0.406 in 15 years of age). The result of boys suggests that the correlation coefficient is affected by the muscular development of the lower extremities. Average running records of 100 meter course were 15.48 sec. in boys of 15, and 17.54 sec. in ,girls of 15 years of age. (15 years of age correspond to the standard age of the candidates for an entrance examination of high school). In the case of boys, the running record belongs to middle class on the relative evaluation table of physical examination which was made by the Ministry of Education in 1980, but in the case of girls, their running record belongs to lower class on the table. The most important facts are that the running speed generally becomes faster by 1 sec. for each 8cm increase in the length of lower extremites, and even in the case of the same length of lower extremities, the running speed becomes faster by 1 sec. for each one year increase in age, ranging from 13 to 15 years of age(Table 2 and 3). 2. Standing-Broad-jump ability showed high positive correlation coefficient with the length of the lower extremities in boys(0.427 in 13, 0.474 in 14, 0.373 in 15 years of age). In boys, the positive correlation coefficient decreases greatly in 15 years of age. Thus, the result of boys suggests that as the muscular development becomes active with age, so does the muscular power affect the correlation coefficient. Even in the case of the same length of lower extremities, the Standing-Broad-jumping records are becoming higher with age, Thus, the result suggests that the muscular development becomes active with age. The positive values of correlation coefficients of boys are higher, compared with that of girls of the same age. Average Standing-Broad-jumping records were 223,66cm in boys, and 182.89cm in girls of 13 years of age. These records belong to middle level on the relative evaluation table of physical examination made by the Ministry of Education in 1980. 3. The length of the upper extremities showed positive correlation coefficient (0.391 in 13, 0.483 in. 14 and 0.625 in 15 years of age in boys, and 0.228 in 13, 0.251 in 14 and 0.208 in 15 years of age in girls) with Ball-Throwing distance of boys and girls, In this case a hard ball weighing 162.25 gram was used in the Ball-Throwing record examination. The significantly higher positive values of the correlation coefficient in boys, as compared with girls show that muscular development greatly affects the Ball-Throwing records in boys. Average Ball-Throwing records were 41.97 meters in boys of 15 and 19.42 meters in girls of 15 years of age, which is standard age of candidates for high school entrance examination. The record in boys belongs to middle class on the relative evaluation made by the Ministry of Education in 1980, But the record in girls belongs to low class of the table. 4. In three items of the athletic record examination mentioned above, boys showed 1.1-1.2 times higher record in running, but more than 2 times higher record in Ball-Throwing than girls. These results may suggest that muscular development of the upper extemities in boys is very active, but the development in girls is feeble, 5. The length of the upper extremities showed very low grade of positive correlation coefficient in. boys but the interesting fact is that the average Chin-Up record (8.26 times) in 15 years of age, increases almost 2 times compared with the record (4.49 times) of 14 years of age, Thus, the result suggests that muscular development of upper extremities is very significant in 15 years of age. 6. The length of the upper extremities showed very low grade correlation coefficient with dangling hour in girls. But average dangling record (12.45 sec.) of girls increases suddenly in 15 years of age compared with the record (8.34 sec.) of 14 years of age. (Table 9) This fact also suggests that the muscular development of upper extremities becomes significant in 15 years of age even in the case of girls. The average Arm-Flexing ability (Chin-Up in boys, and dangling on Arm-Flexing power in girls) belongs to middle class of the relative evaluation table (Table 8 and 9) of physical examination made by the Ministry of Education in 1980 in the case of boys, and belongs to lower class of the table in the case of girls. 7. Summarizing the athletic records mentioned above: The correlation between the running ability and the length of the lower extremities was negative value in boys and girls. The correlation coefficient of Standing-Broad-jump was greatly positive. The correlation between the length of upper extremities and Arm-Flexing ability (Chin-Up in boys, and Dangling in girls) showed very low positive correlation coefficient. I would like to advise to moderate the physical evaluation table made by the Ministry of Education in 1980 by lowering the record standard, since the athletic records obtained by the author in five items above-mentioned generally belong to low class, or very low class in girls, especially on the table made by the Ministry of Education.
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